the primary force which causes all winds is: the primary force which causes all winds is:

The cause of eye formation is still not fully understood. The maximum pressure range of the atmosphere is between: The addition of water vapor will cause the density of air to: Which of the following has the smallest impact on winds? The spiral (swirling counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) develops as a high-pressure area twists around a low-pressure area.The Atlantic Oceans hurricane season peaks from mid-August to late October and averages five to six hurricanes per year.Wind conditions that can lead to hurricanes are called tropical disturbances. What can be said of the airplane? Cloud development is stifled and skies are usually clear. Protestant WindThe Protestant Wind refers to the lucky weather encountered by the British Navy of the 16th-17th centuries. When upper atmospheric winds blow parallel to the isobars along straight paths, they are termed ________ winds. (Visibility is the distance that a person can seeblizzards, like fog, make visibility difficult and a task like driving dangerous.) It probably has to do with the combination of "the conservation of angular momentum" and centrifugal force. Wind is the primary force driving surface currents in the ocean. The Earth's rotation prevents that flow from being direct, but deflects it side to side (right in the Northern Hemisphere and. (t/f), Friction at the surface results in a stronger Coriolis force. 7(n) Forces Acting to Create Wind - Physical Geography The cause of the clockwise spiraling motion is: The primary force which causes all winds is a. inertia force. Friction reduces the wind speed and this decreases the Coriolis deflection. (t/f), The speed of the wind at a place is primarily determined by the barometric pressure at that place. Waves are formed by the wind blowing across the surface of the water. WHAT CAUSES WIND? - theweatherprediction.com If the winds are in front of the plane, pushing it back, they are called headwinds. How does this produce precipitation, and where? 12 describes a hurricane, and 13-17 are reserved only for tropical typhoons, the most powerful and potentially destructive wind systems.An anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. The rising air creates a circulation cell, called a Hadley Cell, in which the air rises and cools at high altitudes moves outward (towards the poles) and, eventually, descends back to the surface. no one factor id more important than the other Its readings may be too low or too high if the temperature varies from the expected. Which of the following is not a mechanism to lift air to cause condensation, cloud formation, and potentially storms: a. colliding air masses - fronts b. orographic lifting c. convection d. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Choose t=1.5st=1.5 \mathrm{~s}t=1.5s. Why are you more likely to get a static shock to your finger than to your whole hand? Which of the following would involve the greatest change in atmospheric pressure? The islands of the Philippines, China, Vietnam, and Japan are the most affected. This can be done with compass directions (ie, a north wind is one that is blowing from the north to the south) or with a degree scale where N=0, E=90, S=180, and W=270. They are fed by polar easterlies and winds from the high-pressure horse latitudes, which sandwich them on either side. Siroccos carry tons of dust and sand throughout northern Africa, and contribute to wet weather as they reach Europe.squamish: fast-moving, cold wind that rushes down the narrow fjords of British Columbia, Canada. E) geostrophic force. Their industrial economies, as well as their baseball teams, were fiercely competitive. Figure 25. Circulation in the earth's atmosphere are fundamentally caused by: A cyclone is generally defined by meteorologists as: in the opposite direction of Earth's rotation. You should view the short video on this so-called "effect" or "force." Because the sun hits different parts of the Earth at different angles, and because Earth has oceans, mountains, and other features, some places are warmer than others. The massive 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, an island volcano in Indonesia, had even more dramatic atmospheric results. Winds are deflected from their initial direction due to the earth's rotation, rather than crossing the isobars at right angles as the pressure gradient force directs. Rain shadows are created as wind interacts with a mountain range. When representing wind direction numerically, winds from the north are associated with: T/F:Of the various elements of weather and climate, changes in air pressure are probably the most easily perceived by people. Across the ocean, dust makes the sky hazy. The labeled lines on the map are called ________ and they represent lines of equal ________. The famous summer monsoon, on the other hand, develops over the Indian Ocean, absorbing tremendous amounts of moisture. There are three forces that cause the wind to move as it does. The second was westward winds across the English Channel, allowing Protestant William of Orange to invade England and depose James II, the last Catholic monarch. Image credit: Jaime Daniels, NOAA/NESDIS/STAR. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current transports cold, nutrient-rich water around Antarctica. The diagrams above and below portray just the Hadley cell circulation, that is driven by heating in the equatorial region. All rights reserved. 24 Q Neglecting friction, the speed and direction of the horizontal wind are determined by: A pressure gradient and Coriolis. Westerlies are strongest in the winter, when pressure over the pole is low, and weakest in summer, when the polar high creates stronger polar easterlies.The strongest westerlies blow through the Roaring Forties, a wind zone between 40 and 50 degrees latitude in the Southern Hemisphere. The term pressure gradient refers to: everywhere. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. The predominant summer wind direction is in favor of the batter. convergence aloft B) centrifugal force. C) pressure gradient force. Valuable topsoil is blown away and visibility can drop to almost zero. What statement can you make about the weather Albany is likely to experience soon? In some cases, this takes places in the desert, as sand dunes migrate and change shape over time. Step-by-step explanation. Convergence occurs near the equator (winds blow in towards one another) and Divergence occurs under the descending air that forms high-pressure belts. Wind shear is higher near the coast, for example. After the tornado has passed, meteorologists and engineers determine the tornados strength based on its wind speed, width, and damage to vegetation and human-built structures. Although it decreased in intensity, the hurricane was tracked through the U.S. state of Florida before dissipating in the Canadian province of Newfoundland.Hurricanes can be destructive in other ways. The area over which tropical storm-force winds occur is even greater, ranging as far out . C) wind speed The wind has a particular direction and follows the conventional flow of pressure. In 1857, Dutch meteorologist Christoph Buys Ballot formulated a law about geostrophic winds: When you stand with your back to the wind in the Northern Hemisphere, low pressure is always to your left. These pressure variations are caused by: temperature contrasts between different locations. This comes from the second law of thermodynamics that states higher energy states move toward lower energy states. The gases that make up our atmosphere do interesting things as the temperatures change. The westerlies of the Roaring Forties were very important to sailors during the Age of Exploration, when explorers and traders from Europe and western Asia used the strong winds to reach the spice markets of Southeast Asia and Australia.Westerlies have an enormous impact on ocean currents, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Typhoons can impact a wide area of the eastern Pacific. geostrophic force. The winds at the 500-mb level determine the direction of movement for weather systems. Extraterrestrial Winds The same forces that cause winds on Earthuneven heating by the sun and the planets rotationcause other planets to develop strong winds. And then check out the simulations where you can create a hurricane and control a tornado. Winds are directed and driven by the pressure gradient force (moves air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure), The Coriolis force is a deflection in the path of winds or ocean currents caused by the rotation of Earth; Coriolis force deflects objects to the RIGHT in the Northern Hemisphere and to the LEFT in the Southern . Which option above is generally associated with "fair" weather? They have been instrumental in the history of exploration, communication, and trade. This may have been enough to strip the bark from trees. The balance of these two forces results in winds that are parallel to the isobars. meterologists convert all atmospheric pressure data to the equivalent sea-level air pressure in order to: True or False: the primary cause of wind is not atmospheric pressure differences. Wind turbines have a tall tubular tower with two or three propeller-like blades rotating at the top. Development is also growing quickly in France and China.Industry experts predict that if this pace of growth continues, by 2050, one-third of the worlds electricity needs could be met by wind. T/F:The primary cause of wind is not atmospheric pressure but atmospheric pressure differences. As air rises, the pressure lowers and surrounding air moves in to replace it, causing wind. T/F:A steep pressure gradient indicates strong winds. This figure show divergent and convergent winds as they related to Hadley cell circulation. The addition of water vapor will cause the density of air to: Air pressure drops ________ with altitude in a column of cold (dense) air than in a column of warm (less dense) air. If it's not blowing, there's no electricity generated.Still, use of wind energy has more than quadrupled between 2000 and 2006. winds would not be impacted by the Coriolis Effect. T/F: An elongated region of low pressure is called a ridge. The area around the ITCZ is called the doldrums. Cold air masses form at the poles, where the sun's radiation is less intense. The air at a warm temperature rises, but the air in a cold temperature is denser and travels lower, replacing the warm air. This illustrates the fact that: friction is present only close to the ground. Rising air undergoes adiabatic cooling, which assists in the formation of clouds. Colder air sinks. Wind is the name for this occurrence. According to researchers at University of Colorado Denver, what was the most important factor in the high number of home runs at Coors Field? Figure 21. The addition of water vapor will cause the density of air to: Air pressure drops ________ with altitude in a column of cold (dense) air than in a column of warm (less dense) air. Due to the Gulf Stream, Northern Europe enjoys a much warmer, milder climate than other areas at similar latitudes, such as the U.S. state of Alaska.Impact on EcologyWind has the power to move particles of earthusually dust or sandin great quantities, and over far distances. The cause of the clockwise spiraling motion is: You would expect vertical airflow in a cyclone to result in: You would expect vertical airflow in an anticyclone to result in: High air pressure zones are usually associated with: If "fair" weather is approaching, the pressure tendency would probably be: Weather reports of wind express only the horizontal motion of the air. change in pressure along a horizontal surface. Warm air above the land rises, and cooler air above the water moves in over the land, creating an inland breeze. How does friction act to change the direction of the wind near the earth's surface? It does not have much substanceyou cannot see it or hold itbut you can feel its force. its pressure gradient The overall strength of a circulation system is determined by: air would move directly from high to low pressure. Global Wind Explained | EARTH 111: Water: Science and Society Typhoons form as equatorial winds and blow westward before turning north and merging with westerlies around the mid-latitudes. A) weight of the air above. Albany is likely to experience rain or storms soon. Friction reduces the speed so Coriolis is weakened. However, cool winds (called rear flank downdrafts) eventually wrap around the tornado and cut off the supply of warm air that feeds it. Without going into detail as to why rotation creates this apparent force, the Coriolis effect causes winds (and all moving objects) to be deflected: The Coriolis effect causes winds to deflect as they travel within circulation cells and results in the two large hypothetical Hadley cells breaking into six smaller cells, which looks something like the diagram below (and the first figure in this series). Which of the following statements regarding Hurricane Frances and Typhoon Songda is correct? Coriolis Force (Factors Affecting Wind Movement) - Geography Notes - Prepp T/F: If pressure gradient was the only force acting on the air, it would move in a curved path. are unaffected by by the coriolis force The main cause of wind is a little surprising. T/F:A wind direction of 270 degrees means that the wind is blowing from the southeast. Extraterrestrial WindsThe same forces that cause winds on Earthuneven heating by the sun and the planets rotationcause other planets to develop strong winds. Watch this video to learn about wind! In areas of high pressure, the gases in the air are more crowded. starting the air motion, which of the influences the magnitude of the coriolis force: pressure gradient and Coriolis. Meteorology - Chapter 6 - Air Pressure and Wi, The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, Dennis G. Tasa, Frederick K. Lutgens, Tarbuck. Hurricane Preparedness - Hazards Divergencein the atmosphere is best defined as: Which of the following has the smallest impact on winds? in the ocean as salt water in the atmosphere as water vapor, A surface weather map for 7 a.m. EST, December 22, 1989. Gases move from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas. divergence at the surface Weather Service calls a storm a blizzard when the storm has wind speeds of more than 56 kph (35 mph) and low visibility. unequal solar heating of the earth directly causes large-scale winds, called the jet stream. Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. T/F:Cyclones are characterized by converging surface winds and rising air. . The horizontal movement of air is called ________. Typhoon Songda had a region of. What is the fundamental cause of horizontal pressure differences in the atmosphere? But, because it does rotate, the rotation of the Earth leads to the Coriolis effect. T/F: Vertical air movement is necessary for the creation of a sea breeze. is only possible in the tropics Figure 22. If they are behind the plane, pushing it forward, they are called tailwinds. The cause of the clockwise spiraling motion is: Identify the choice above that represents high pressure center in the Southern Hemisphere. the primary force which causes all winds is: centrifugal force coriolis effect inertia force pressure gradient force. The Coriolis effect influences the wind by: Which of these factors influence the magnitude of the Coriolis force? ________ are elongated high pressure areas extending towards the poles and are associated with ________. They emanate from the polar highs, areas of high pressure around the North and South Poles. You cannot download interactives. D) Coriolis effect. Air would travel immediately from high to low pressure, which is the basic factor that creates all winds. The scale has six categories that designate increasing damage. The Coriolis force is perpendicular to the object's axis. The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure: lines connecting points of equal air pressure. What causes ocean currents?: Ocean Exploration Facts: NOAA Ocean (t/f), Stormy weather is more closely associated with anticyclones than with cyclones. If air pressure is reduced by one-half for every five-kilometer increase in altitude, what would be the air pressure at a height of 25 kilometers as a fraction of sea-level air pressure? More than 300,000 people died, and more than a million were made homeless. The Coriolis effect occurs because of this characteristic of the earth: A plane takes off from City A headed for City B, located directly to the north. Kamikazetranslated as divine windswere major typhoons that destroyed the invading Mongolian Navy off the coast of Japan in the late 1200s. Image courtesy of Hannes Grobe, Alfred Wegner Institute for . The most famous rain pattern in the world, the Southeast Asian monsoon, is a seasonal, moisture-laden trade wind.Besides ships and rainfall, trade winds can also carry particles of dust and sand for thousands of kilometers. NWS JetStream - Tropical Cyclone Structure - National Weather Service Damage to buildings, vehicles, roads, and shipping facilities is estimated at about $133.8 billion (adjusted for inflation). The horizontal movement of air is called ________. Wind is a part of weather we experience all the time, but why does it actually happen? What is a limitation of an altimeter that pilots must account for? B) air temperature. Winds were sustained at 260 kph (160 mph). Tornadoes can occur individually or in multiples, as two spinning vortexes of air rotating around each other. Next time you feel the wind blow, think about where its going, and what temperatures and pressures are causing it to do that. When people get onto a bus, do they all sit on the same side of the bus first? Credit: David Babb Expert Answer. Here are some others:barber: cold, moisture-laden wind that freezes on contact with hair and beards.brickfielder: hot, dry wind that carries enormous amounts of red dust from the deserts of southern Australia.Cape Doctor: cold, dry wind from the southeast that sanitizes the city of Cape Town, South Africa.chinook: warming wind rushing eastward down the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.Coromuel: strong, warm wind that blows from afternoon to early morning through La Paz, Baja California, Mexico. If you want to locate the centers of high and low pressure systems, you will need a map that has: A cyclone is generally defined by meterologists as: The addition of water vapor will cause the density of the air to. The latitude D) both wind speed and latitude, As seen by an observer on Earth, the Coriolis effect is an illusion; no deflection can actually be measured. Why Does Wind Blow? | NOAA SciJinks - All About Weather Wind shear is a difference in wind speed and direction over a set distance in the atmosphere. Asias winter monsoons bring cool, dry air from the Himalaya mountains. its magnetic field Pressure Gradient Force (PGF) - causes horizontal pressure differences and winds 2. A rising pressure indicates fine, settled weather, while a falling pressure indicates unstable and cloudy weather. Which of the following areas is most likely to experience rain or other significant weather? increasing the wind speed After reading Chapter 4, you should be able to: When the wind turns the blades, the blades turn a generator and create electricity.Often, wind turbines are collected in windy areas in arrays known as wind farms. More specifically, it's differences in temperature between different areas. Name the three driving forces that create and influence the air's motion, and write a brief description of how each creates and/or alters wind. It blows from the northeast along the East Coast of the U.S. and Canada. Plants that rely on anemochory produce hundreds and even thousands of seeds. The air sinking towards the surface of the anticyclone not only causes the high pressure but also is associated with general subsidence, which prevents rising air and adiabatic cooling. (A draft is simply a vertical movement of air.) centrifugal force. Winds can stay above hurricane strength well inland. Earth Science for Kids: Weather - Wind - Ducksters If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. You should view the short video on this so-called "effect" or "force." (The Coriolis Effect). This will give scientists new ways to keep an eye on wind. Even strong winds are often short in duration.Trade WindsTrade winds are the powerful prevailing winds that blow from the east across the tropics. (t/f), Low air pressure zones are associated with cloudy skies and stormy weather. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Ch 6 PG Flashcards by paris reaves | Brainscape Ocean Currents | Ocean Tracks (t/f), A wind direction of 270 degrees means that the wind is blowing from the southeast. Wave action The primary cause of erosion along a coastline is by wave action. The primary forces are: 1. The Coriolis force applies to movement on rotating objects. Why is the 500-mb level chart important for forecasting? T/F:Horizontal wind motion can help cause vertical air motion. T/F:The speed of the wind at a place is primarily determined by the barometric pressure at that place. Geology chapter 6 Flashcards | Quizlet (This warm, low-pressure equatorial wind descends again around the horse latitudes. C) Low wind speeds strongest deflection outward and clockwise A) Northern Hemisphere deflection to the right of the wind's original direction, C) Low wind speeds strongest deflection, D) deflection always at a 90 degree angle to the direction of air flow. Why do surface winds cross the isobars at an angle toward lower pressure (instead of blowing parallel to the isobars)? Air is set in motion by the Pressure Gradient Force (PGF). Identify the choice above that represents low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere. The Loo is such a powerful ecological and cultural force that ice creams and sherbets are consumed to combat Loo-induced fatigue.November witch: hurricane-force winds that develop as cold Arctic air masses meet warm air from the Gulf over the Great Lakes.Pembrokeshire Dangler: area where prevailing winds converge and cause a line of cold rain and snow to dangle north-south across the Irish Sea.Santa Anas: hot, dry winds that blow from the deserts and mountains of inland California to the coast. Even when farmers take precautions to protect it, the wind can erode up to 2.5 kilograms of loess per square meter (1.6 pound per square foot) every year.The most famous example of this devastating windstorm is probably the Dust Bowl of 1930s North America. Pressure gradient: initiates wind flow by directing wind out of high pressure and towards low pressure areas; determines initial wind speed according to the strength of the pressure gradient. (t/f), Gradient winds follow a curved path. T/F: As seen by an observer on Earth, the Coriolis effect is an illusion; no deflection can actually be measured. Winds of a Category 5 blow at 252 kph (157 mph).Hurricanes spin around a low-pressure (warm) center known as the eye. Sinking air inside the eye makes it very calm. (t/f), The sea breeze is a simple thermal circulation that does not involve a pressure gradient. The Enhanced Fujita Scale has 28 categories, with the strongest cataloging damage to hardwood and softwood trees.Hurricanes are measured using the Saffir-Simpson scale. How would temperature differences make the wind blow? It is strong enough to carry sailing ships across the ocean and rip huge trees from the ground. The pressure decreases with height. If air pressure is reduced by one-half for every five-kilometer increase in altitude, what would be the air pressure at a height of 25 kilometers as a fraction of sea-level air pressure? Uneven heating of the earth or horizontal temperature contrasts. The strongest winds in the solar system, however, belong to its outermost planet, Neptune. Gravity 4. A force is an influence on a body which causes the body to accelerate (change speed or direction). Identify the choice or choices above that represent(s) low pressure center(s). (t/f), Standard sea level atmospheric pressure in the U.S. is approximately 29.92 inches of mercury. Since gases behave differently at different temperatures, that means you also get pockets with high pressure and pockets with low pressure.